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Android app development is a software stack for mobile devices including the operating system, middleware and key applications. Using the Java programming language, android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform. Android SDK tools compile the code into android package, an archives file with an .apk extension. All code into .apk file is considered an android application development, and is the file that uses to install the program.

Android is a multi-user Linux system, where each application is different with the user. The system assigns each request an unique Linux user ID by default. The system sets the permissions on all files in a Google android application development so that only the user ID associated with the access request. Each process has its own virtual machine, so the application code is executed in isolation from other applications. By default, each application runs in its own process of Linux. It will start the process if the application components to run then turned the proceedings if it is no longer required or when the system needs to recovered memory for other applications.

Features of Professional Android Application Development:

•Application framework 
•Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G and WiFi
•Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer
•Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices
•GSM Telephony 
•Integrated browser based on WebKit engine
•Memory and performance profiling, and the plug-in for Eclipse
•Optimized graphics 
•Rich development environment 
•Scope enables reuse and replacement of components
•SQLite to store structured data
•Supports audio, video and image formats

Android Architecture:

•Application: Android comes several basic applications, including e-mail, SMS, calendar, maps, browser, contacts, etc.

•Application Framework: Offers to android app developer, the ability to create rich applications and innovative. They are free to take advantage of hardware device, reaching location information, enforcement services fund, set alarms, add notifications the status bar, etc.

•Libraries: Android includes libraries that are used in different parts of the OS. These properties are exposed to android application programmers through the framework. The libraries are system c library, media libraries, surface manager, LibWebCore, SGL, 3D libraries, FreeType (bitmap and vector font rendering), SQLite

•Android Runtime: Each Android application runs in its own process, with its own instance of the virtual machine of Dalvik. Dalvik has been written so a device can run multiple VMs efficiently.

•Linux Kernel: Android is based on the Linux version 2.6 for core system services like security, memory management, process management, network stack and driver model. Also kernel acts as an abstraction layer among the hardware and the software stack.